City Ordinance Chapter 092 - Traffic and Vehicles

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                                                         Chapter 92

                                          TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES*

                                                   Article I.   In General
                      Secs. 92-1—92-13. Reserved.


                                          Article II.    Michigan Vehicle Code
                      Sec. 92-14.   Code adopted.
                      Sec. 92-15.   References in code.
                      Sec. 92-16.   Notice to be published.
                      Sec. 92-17.   Penalties.
                      Secs. 92-18—92-30. Reserved.


                                          Article III.    Uniform Traffic Code
                      Sec. 92-31.   Code and amendments and revisions adopted.
                      Sec. 92-32.   References in code.
                      Sec. 92-33.   Changes in code.
                      Secs. 92-34—92-50. Reserved.


                                                 Article IV.    Junk Vehicles
                      Sec. 92-51.   Title.
                      Sec. 92-52.   Purpose.
                      Sec. 92-53.   Definitions.
                      Sec. 92-54.   General prohibition.
                      Sec. 92-55.   Storage requirements and prohibitions.
                      Sec. 92-56.   Notice of violation; removal; impounding; penalty.
                      Secs. 92-57—92-70. Reserved.


                                        Article V.    Local Parking Restrictions
                      Sec.   92-71. Parking restrictions.
                      Sec.   92-72. Snow emergency.
                      Sec.   92-73. Parking violations bureau; minimum parking fines.
                      Sec.   92-74. Marina parking restrictions; violation as a municipal civil
                                    infraction; public boat launch permit.
                      Secs. 92-75—92-99. Reserved.


                                       Article VI.    Electric Scooters and Bikes
                      Sec. 92-100.  Purpose.
                      Sec. 92-101.  Definitions.
                      Sec. 92-102.  Rules and regulations.
                      Sec. 92-103.  Registration.
                      Sec. 92-104.  Enforcement.
                      Secs. 92-105—92-199. Reserved.


                                                   Article VII.   Pedicabs
                      Sec. 92-200.    Purpose.

   *State law references—Michigan Vehicle Code, MCL 257.1 et seq.; regulations by local authorities, MCL 257.605, 257.606,
257.610.



Supp. No. 16                                              CD92:1
                                                MUSKEGON CITY CODE



               Sec. 92-201.  Definitions.
               Sec. 92-202.  Operating regulations.
               Sec. 92-203.  Vehicle regulations.
               Sec. 92-204.  Application for operating permit.
               Sec. 92-205.  Pedicab identification number and decal.
               Sec. 92-206.  Fees.
               Sec. 92-207.  Grounds for denial, suspension or revocation of license.
               Sec. 92-208.  Preliminary breath test.
               Sec. 92-209.  Penalty.
               Secs. 92-210—92-299. Reserved.


                                Article VIII.    Unlawful Speed Exhibition Events
               Sec.   92-300.      Purpose.
               Sec.   92-301.      Definitions.
               Sec.   92-302.      Prohibited conduct.
               Sec.   92-303.      Vehicle impoundment and warning procedure.
               Sec.   92-304.      Penalties.




Supp. No. 16                                          CD92:2
                                            TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                                  § 92-33



              ARTICLE 1. IN GENERAL                         (b) Any violation which the Michigan Vehicle
                                                         Code states is a civil infraction shall be considered
                                                         a municipal civil infraction.
Secs. 92-1—92-13. Reserved.                              (Ord. No. 2080, § 4, 6-25-2002)
                                                            State law reference—Authority to adopt the Michigan
                                                         vehicle code by reference, MCL 117.4i(k).
ARTICLE II.       MICHIGAN VEHICLE CODE
                                                         Secs. 92-18—92-30. Reserved.
Sec. 92-14. Code adopted.
                                                         ARTICLE III. UNIFORM TRAFFIC CODE*
  The Michigan Vehicle Code, Public Act No.
300 of 1949 (MCL 257.1 et seq.) and all future           Sec. 92-31. Code and amendments and revi­
amendments and revisions, is adopted by refer­                       sions adopted.
ence, and is incorporated in the traffic code and
ordinances of the city as authorized by statute.            The Uniform Traffic Code for Cities, Town­
(Ord. No. 2080, § 1, 6-25-2002)                          ships and Villages, as promulgated by the direc­
                                                         tor of the director of the department of state
                                                         police pursuant to the administrative procedures
Sec. 92-15. References in code.
                                                         act of 1969, Public Act No. 306 of 1969 (MCL
                                                         24.201 et seq.). and made effective October 30,
   The references in the Michigan Vehicle Code           2002, is incorporated by reference.
to "local authorities" means the City of Mus­            (Code 1975, § 20-1; Code 2002, § 92-31)
kegon.                                                       State law reference—Authority to adopt Uniform Traf­
(Ord. No. 2080, § 2, 6-25-2002)                          fic Code by reference, MCL 257.951 et seq.


Sec. 92-16. Notice to be published.                      Sec. 92-32. References in code.
                                                           The references in the Uniform Traffic Code for
   The city clerk shall publish the ordinance            Cities, Townships and Villages to "governmental
from which this article is derived in the manner         unit" shall mean the City of Muskegon.
required by law and shall publish, at the same           (Code 1975, § 20-2; Code 2002, § 92-32)
time, a supplementary notice stating the purpose
of the Michigan vehicle code and of the fact that        Sec. 92-33. Changes in code.
a complete copy of the code is available to the
public at the office of the city clerk for inspection.     The following rules of the Uniform Traffic
(Ord. No. 2080, § 3, 6-25-2002)                          Code for Cities, Townships and Villages are
                                                         hereby amended or deleted as set forth and
                                                         additional rules are added as indicated.
Sec. 92-17. Penalties.                                   Subsequent rule numbers used in this section
                                                         shall refer to the like-numbered rules of the
   (a) Unless otherwise authorized by statute,           Uniform Traffic Code for Cities, Townships and
violations of the misdemeanor provisions of the          Villages.
said incorporated Michigan Vehicle Code shall
be limited to fines not exceeding $500.00, or                Rule 1 (1) (k.l) is added to read as follows:
imprisonment for up to 93 days, or both. Penalty
provisions of the Michigan Vehicle Code in excess           Rule 1 (1) (k.l). "Parkway" means that part of
of the said maximums are not enforceable in the          a street lying between the property lines and
city in the absence of statutory authority. If said      that portion of the street ordinarily used for
                                                         vehicular travel.
authority is given, the penalties provided in the
Michigan Vehicle Code shall apply to the extent              *State   law   reference—Uniform   Traffic   Code,     MCL
authorized by statute.                                   257.951 et seq.



Supp. No. 3                                         CD92:3
§ 92-33                                      MUSKEGON CITY CODE



   Rule 106 is added to read as follows:                     (2)   The police agency or department which
                                                                   impounds a vehicle under this section
  Rule 106. Impounding or immobilizing vehicles.
                                                                   shall follow the procedures set forth in
   (1)    The city may impound vehicles on public                  rules 105 and 106 except that impound­
          or private property and remove them or                   ment may take place immediately without
          cause them to be removed to a storage                    notice. In addition:
          facility, or immobilize vehicles, or do both
          under the circumstances set forth and                    (a)    Accrued charges to be paid by the
          described in this section and MCL                              owner shall include any previously
          257.252a et seq., including, without limita­                   incurred impounding fees, fines,
          tion, when such impounding or                                  costs, forfeitures or penalties aris­
          immobilization is ordered or authorized                        ing out of the ownership or opera­
          by a court.                                                    tion of such vehicle, or any other
                                                                         vehicle owned or operated by such
   (2)    The city may immobilize vehicles by the                        person. Accrued charges shall also
          use of devices such as the boot, the club,                     include previously unpaid and cur­
          or other device which prevents the move­                       rent reasonable charges for impound
          ment of a vehicle, which devices shall be                      and storage of the vehicle. The owner
          in the control and possession of the police                    shall also pay an impound fee as
          department of the city.                                        determined by city commission
   The city commission determines that the condi­                        resolution.
tions and circumstances described in this section
                                                                   (b)    If the owner or operator disputes
constitute situations requiring impoundment or
                                                                         liability as to any impoundment
immobilization of vehicles to safeguard the public
                                                                         fees or any previously incurred
safety, health and welfare, aid in traffic safety
                                                                         impoundment fees, fines, costs,
enforcement, minimize congestion and accomplish
                                                                         forfeitures or penalties, such owner
reasonable law enforcement objectives.
                                                                         or operator may have the vehicle
   Rule 107 is added to read as follows:                                 released from impoundment by post­
                                                                         ing a cash deposit equal to the
  Rule 107. Impounding of vehicles; failure to
                                                                         impound fee, the tickets, fines and
answer parking notices or citations.
                                                                         the cost of towing and storage not to
   (1) The police department or a police agency                          exceed $500.00, to the clerk of the
        enforcing the city ordinances may                                district court or the city's police
        immediately impound a vehicle found on                           department, pending final adjudica­
        public property or on a public street                            tion of the disputed liability. Upon
        whose owner has failed to answer six or                          the posting of the required cash
        more parking violation notices or cita­                          deposit, the police department shall
        tions resulting from violations of provi­                        execute a release of the vehicle from
        sions of this traffic code or any other                          impoundment and, upon delivery of
        ordinance of the city under which park­                          such release to the operator of the
        ing violations or citations have been                            impound lot, the owner or operator
        issued, including but not limited to illegal                     of the vehicle shall thereupon be
        parking at boat ramps, in parks, in spaces                       restored to possession thereof. If
        for parking for disabled persons, or at                          the district court determines that
        other locations in the city. The impound­                        the owner or operator of the vehicle
        ment may take place whenever the police                          did not fail to answer six or more
        agency or department identifies the                              parking violation notices or cita­
        vehicle, whether during a parking viola­                         tions regarding illegal parking the
        tion after the sixth failure to answer or                        city shall refund the entire deposit
        at any other time.                                               and shall assume and pay all towing


Supp. No. 3                                         CD92:4
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                           § 92-33



               and storage fees. If the owner or                        for immobilization, time limits and
               operator is determined to have failed                     circumstances for impoundment, and
               to answer said notices or citations                      information regarding fee, payment
               legally hereunder which resulted in                      of tickets or citations and redemp­
               the vehicle impound, the city shall                      tion. The notice shall, if applicable,
               apply the cash deposit to the fees,                      state if the vehicle is subject to a
               fines and costs assessed by the                          court-ordered impoundment and,
               district court, and refund the bal­                      therefore, not redeemable except by
               ance, if any, to the person who made                     the terms of the court order. The
               the cash deposit.                                        notice shall provide the following
                                                                        additional information:
   (3) "Unanswered" means failure to pay, have
        dismissed or appear in person at the city                       (1) Date and time the notice is
        hall to respond to the citation.                                      affixed;
   Rule 108 is added to read as follows:                                (2) Police department address;
                                                                        (3) The name and badge number
   Rule 108. Immobilization of vehicles.                                      of the officer affixing the notice;
   (1)   A vehicle found on public property or on                             and
         a public street and, in circumstances                          (4) The year, make and vehicle
         limited and defined under this section, a                            identification number of the
         vehicle on private property, may be                                  vehicle, if available.
         immobilized by the city using a device
         referred to in rule 106(2) under the fol­                (b)   Cause the immobilization device to
         lowing circumstances, deemed by the city                       be attached to the vehicle by trained
         to be necessary for the public health,                         personnel.
         safety and welfare, including traffic safety             (c)   If a responsible person or the owner
         enforcement, minimizing of traffic conges­                     has not appeared at the police
         tion and accomplishing reasonable law                          department to redeem the vehicle
         enforcement objectives:                                        by paying outstanding tickets or
         (a)    The conditions set forth in MCL                         citations, or accomplished other
               257.252a, 257.252b, 257.252d and                         remedial actions and paying fees
               rule 107.                                                within 48 hours of the notice, the
                                                                        vehicle shall be impounded and the
         (b) The vehicle is subject to an impound­                      procedure under MCL 257.252d shall
             ing order of a court. Such                                 apply.
             immobilization may also be used on
             private property.                              (3) Redemption from immobilization. A
                                                                responsible person may redeem a vehicle
         (c)   The vehicle is subject to an impound­            from immobilization as follows:
               ing procedure of this or any other
               jurisdiction and has been wrong­                   (a)     Paying all outstanding parking
               fully removed from a storage facil­                      tickets or citations, default judg­
               ity or impounding company.                               ments and costs involving the
                                                                        vehicle, or posting a bond for the
   (2)   Procedure for immobilization; impound­                         entire amount thereof; and
         ment. The city, by its police department,
         shall do the following with a vehicle                    (b) Paying the immobilization fees.
         subject to immobilization:                               Removal of device. No immobilization
         (a)    Affix a sticker to the windshield or              device may be removed from a vehicle
               driver's side window containing                    unless the vehicle is properly redeemed
               information pertaining to the reason               or the police department has impounded


Supp. No. 3                                        CD92:5
§ 92-33                                    MUSKEGON CITY CODE



          the vehicle. Unauthorized removal by                   term of imprisonment of not more than
          any   person    shall    constitute a                  90 days and a fine of not more than
          misdemeanor.                                           $100.00, or both.
   Rule 109 is added to read as follows:                   Rule 434 is amended to read as follows:
  Rule 109. Court-ordered          immobilized   or       Rule 434. Obedience to no-turn signs; violation
impounded vehicle.                                     is civil infraction.
                                                           (1)   When authorized signs are erected indicat­
  Any vehicle immobilized or impounded under
                                                                 ing that right, left, or U-turns are not
a court impounding order shall not be redeemed
                                                                 permitted, a driver of a vehicle shall not
or released except in accordance with the court
order.                                                           disobey the directions of any such signs.
                                                           (2)   A driver of a vehicle shall not turn such
   Rule 110 is added to read as follows:                         vehicle so as to proceed in the opposite
  Rule 110. Fees.                                                direction upon any street, unless such
                                                                 movement can be made in safety and
  Fees shall be charged for immobilizations and                  without interfering with other traffic.
impoundment to defray the cost of these enforce­                 However, no such turn shall be made
ment procedures. The city commission shall                       where a sign prohibiting such turn has
determine the fees to be paid by resolution.                     been erected or at any intersection
                                                                 controlled by a traffic signal.
   Rule 159 is added to read as follows:
                                                           (3)    A person who violates this section is
  Rule 159. Appointment of traffic engineer.                     responsible for a civil infraction.
   The city manager is hereby appointed to fill            Rule 453 is amended to read as follows:
the office of traffic engineer established pursu­
                                                         Rule 453. Avoidance of traffic control devices
ant to rule 125.
                                                       prohibited; violation is civil infraction.
   Rule 416c is hereby amended to read as                  (1)    No person shall drive or operate a motor
follows:                                                         vehicle through any gasoline filling sta­
   Rule 416c. Consumption of alcoholic liquor on                 tion or service station driveway, unless
a highway, public place, or area generally acces­                for the purpose of obtaining service at
sible to motor vehicles, including area designated               such station, and no person shall drive or
for parking of vehicles; violation punishable by a               operate a motor vehicle through or upon
misdemeanor.                                                     any public parking lot, unless for the
                                                                 purpose of parking such motor vehicle in
   (1)     A person shall not consume alcoholic                  such parking lot.
          liquor upon a highway, street, alley, or
                                                           (2)   A driver of a vehicle shall not attempt to
          any public or private property which is
                                                                 avoid obedience to any traffic control
          open to the general public and which is
                                                                 device by driving on or through any
          not licensed to sell alcoholic liquor for
                                                                 private property.
          consumption on the premises, or within
          the passenger compartment of a moving            (3)    A person who violates this section is
          vehicle upon a highway or in any place                 responsible for a civil infraction.
          open to the general public or generally
                                                           Rule 500 is added to read as follows:
          accessible to motor vehicles, including an
          area designed for the parking of vehicles      Rule 500. Trees and plants not to interfere
          in the city.                                 with view of traffic at intersections.
   (2)     A person who violates this section is           (1)    All trees, shrubbery or growing plants
          guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a               located on the parkway at or near the


Supp. No. 3                                       CD92:6
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                        § 92-33



         corners of any street intersection shall be              shall be assessed a fine of not less than
         kept trimmed or so maintained as not to                  $200.00 or sentenced to not less than 20
         obscure, obstruct or in any manner                       days in the county jail, or both.
         interfere with the view of pedestrians or
         drivers or operators of vehicles approach­        (5)      Any person convicted of a third or
         ing or entering such intersections, and                  subsequent violation of this section shall
         should the owner or person responsible                   be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
         therefor fail to so trim or maintain such                conviction thereof, shall be assessed a
         trees, shrubbery or growing plants, it                   fine of not less than $300.00 or sentenced
         shall be the duty of the department of                   to not less than 30 days in the county
         public works to trim or remove the same                  jail, or both.
         without notice.
                                                           Rule 598. Passing of bicycles. Except when
   (2)    A person who violates this section is
                                                        overtaking and passing on the right is permitted,
         responsible for a civil infraction.
                                                        the following rules shall govern a driver of a
   Rule 501 is added to read as follows:                motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in
                                                        the same direction:
  Rule 501. Vehicles to be operated only in areas
designated for vehicular travel.                           (1)     If there is more than one lane for traffic
                                                                  proceeding in the same direction, move
   (1)    No person shall drive or operate a motor                the vehicle to the lane to the immediate
         vehicle in any area or place other than                  left, if the lane is available and moving
         the public streets and roadway or other                  into the lane is reasonably safe.
         such areas so designated for vehicular
         travel, and no person shall drive or oper­        (2) If there is only one lane for traffic proceed­
         ate a motor vehicle along or upon any                 ing in the same direction, pass to the left
         unpaved parkway, except where the same                of the person operating a bicycle at a safe
         is used for a driveway to enter private or            distance, which must be not less than
         public property, nor shall any person                 five feet between any portion of the
         drive or operate a motor vehicle in any               vehicle and the bicycle, and shall not
         public park, beach or other public area,              move again to the right side of the highway
         except in those areas designated for                  until the vehicle is safely clear of the
         vehicular travel therein.                             overtaken person operating a bicycle.
   (2)    In all cases of violations under this sec­       (3)     The driver of a motor vehicle may drive
         tion either the registered owner or the                  to the left of the center of a roadway,
         operator of such vehicle may be proceeded                including when a no passing zone is
         against in the district court, and the                   marked, to pass a person operating a
         registered owner of the vehicle at the                   bicycle only if the roadway to the left of
         time of the violation shall be presumed to               the center is unobstructed for a sufficient
         be the violator as well as the actual                    distance to permit the driver to pass the
         operator thereof.                                        person operating the bicycle safely and
   (3)    Any person who violates this section is                 avoid interference with oncoming traffic.
         guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon convic­               This paragraph does not authorize driv­
         tion, shall be assessed a fine of not less               ing on the left side of the center of the
         than $100.00 or sentenced to not less                    roadway when otherwise prohibited by
         than ten days in the county jail, or both.               local ordinance or state law.
   (4)   Any person convicted of a second viola­           (4)    Any person violating the provision of this
         tion of this section shall be guilty of a                section shall be responsible for a municipal
         misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof,                civil infraction.


Supp. No. 5                                       CD92:7
§ 92-33                                       MUSKEGON CITY CODE



   Rule 628 is added to read as follows:                      Rule 629 is added to read as follows:

  Rule 628. Registration.                                     Rule 629. License number and plate generally.
                                                              (1)   Upon receipt of the fee prescribed by rule
   (1)    No bicycle shall be propelled or operated
                                                                    628 and a satisfactory application pursu­
          upon any of the public streets, sidewalks,
                                                                    ant to such section, the chief of police or
          avenues, lanes, alleys, parks, bridges or
          public places within the city, unless such                his designated representative shall assign
          bicycle is registered with the police depart­             a number to each bicycle so registered
                                                                    and delivery to the applicant a license
          ment. Application for such registration
                                                                    plate bearing the number so assigned.
          shall be filed with the police department,
                                                                    Such license plate shall be firmly attached
          stating the owner's name, residence
                                                                    to the rear of the bicycle and shall be
          address, the make and model of the
                                                                    valid for that bicycle only and shall not
          bicycle, the serial number of the bicycle
          and such other information relative to                    be transferred from one bicycle to another.
                                                                    Upon assigning such number and issu­
          the bicycle as the chief of police or his
                                                                    ance of such plate, the number of such
          designated representative shall require.
          Such application shall be made upon                       bicycle shall be stamped upon the
                                                                    framework of the bicycle so registered.
          blank forms furnished by the police
          department.                                         (2)    All bicycle license plates shall remain
                                                                    the property of the city, and the chief of
   (2)     The chief of police or his designated                    police or any of the policemen of the city
          representative shall file all applications                are hereby authorized to confiscate and
          for registration of bicycles in the police                take possession and custody of any such
          department and keep a complete and                        plate attached to any such bicycle for
          accurate record of the facts appearing                    which it was not issued, or when the
          therein together with a numerical list of                 person to whom the plate was issued has
          the license plate numbers assigned to                     made or is making unlawful use thereof.
          each bicycle.
                                                              (3)    In the event of the loss of a plate issued
   (3)     The fee for the registration of a bicycle                under this section, a duplicate plate may
          under this section shall be as currently                  be obtained by paying the cost thereof to
          established or as hereafter adopted by                    the city.
          resolution of the city commission from
          time to time. All money derived from the            (4)    A person who violates this section is
          registration of bicycles shall be paid by                 responsible for a civil infraction.
          the police department into the general              Rule 630 is added to read as follows:
          fund of the city.
                                                             Rule 630. Removal, alteration, etc., of license
   (4)    In the event of transfer of ownership of a      or frame number, license plate, seal, etc.
          bicycle registered under this section, the
          new owner shall, within ten days from               (1)    It shall be unlawful for any person to
          such transfer, make application on a                      willfully or maliciously remove, destroy,
          similar form for the transfer of registra­                mutilate or alter the number of any
          tion to the new owner, and shall                          bicycle frame registered pursuant to the
          accompany such application with a                         article. It shall be unlawful for any person
          transfer fee as currently established or                  to remove, destroy, mutilate or alter any
          as hereafter adopted by resolution of the                 bicycle license plate, seal or registration
          city commission from time to time.                        card during the time in which such license
                                                                    plate, seal or registration card is opera­
   (5)     A person who violates this section is                    tive. Nothing in this section shall prohibit
          responsible for a civil infraction.                       the police department from stamping


Supp. No. 5                                          CD92:8
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                       § 92-33



         numbers on the frames of bicycles on               Rule 633 is added to read as follows:
         which no serial number can be found, or
         on which such number is illegible or              Rule 633. Pedal bicycle with helper motor not
         insufficient for identification purposes.      to be ridden on sidewalks.
   (2)     The police department is herewith                (1)   No person shall ride a pedal bicycle with
         empowered and authorized to impound                      helper motor on city sidewalks.
         any unlicensed bicycle or any bicycle
         found with the license or frame number             (2)    A person who violates this section is
         removed, destroyed, mutilated or altered                 responsible for a civil infraction.
         until such time as the person in posses­
         sion, or the owner of the bicycle, can             Rule 634 is added to read as follows:
         prove ownership. In the event proper
         ownership is not proven within 60 days             Rule 634. Racing and trick riding.
         after the date of impoundment, the bicycle         (1)   It shall be unlawful for any person riding
         can be sold at public auction.                           a bicycle to race with any other person
   (3)    A person who violates this section is                   riding a bicycle, to ride without using
         responsible for a civil infraction.                      both hands on handlebars, or to indulge
                                                                  in other trick riding upon any streets,
   Rule 631 is added to read as follows:                          sidewalks, avenues, lanes, alleys, parks,
   Rule 631. Riding prohibited on limited access                  bridges or other public places within the
or multilane roadway.                                             city.
   (1)   No person shall ride any bicycle on Seaway         (2)    A person who violates this section is
         Drive, or any other limited access roadway               responsible for a civil infraction.
         within the city, where parking has been
         prohibited. Any person operating along             Rule 635 is added to read as follows:
         these routes shall be required to use the
         pedestrian walkway adjacent thereto.               Rule 635. Riding abreast, curving to and fro.
   (2)    A person who violates this section is             (1)    It shall be unlawful to ride abreast on
         responsible for a civil infraction.                      bicycles upon any highway or public street,
                                                                  or to ride curving to and fro thereon. It
   Rule 632 is added to read as follows:                          shall be unlawful for bicycles to be ridden
   Rule 632. Operation in dangerous districts.                    abreast on the sidewalks of the city,
                                                                  except when passing.
   (1)    If the safety of the operator of a bicycle,
         the condition of the sidewalk or highway,          (2)    A person who violates this section is
         the foot or vehicular traffic, including the             responsible for a civil infraction.
         safety of pedestrians, is such in any
         district as to require the operator of the         Rule 636 is added to read as follows:
         bicycle to dismount and push the vehicle
         or to avoid such district in the exercise of       Rule 636. Riding on private property.
         ordinary caution and prudence, it shall
         be the duty of such operator of any                (1)   No person riding a bicycle shall ride the
         bicycle to dismount and push the same                    same upon or across the private property
         through such dangerous district or to                    of another person without the permission
         avoid the district entirely while it is                  of the owner of such property or the
         unsafe for the operation of such bicycle.                person in rightful possession thereof.
   (2)    A person who violates this section is             (2)    A person who violates this section is
         responsible for a civil infraction.                      responsible for a civil infraction.


Supp. No. 5                                        CD92:9
§ 92-33                                     MUSKEGON CITY CODE



   Rule 717 is added to read as follows:                           request of a police officer, or at the
                                                                   request of the owner or occupant of the
   Rule 717. Standing in street or alley so as to                  abutting property, if the vehicle has been
interfere with vehicular traffic.                                  parked over three hours, or if it is a
   (1)     No pedestrian shall stand or otherwise                  commercial vehicle, after it has been
          remain in any street or alley so as to                   parked over one hour.
          obstruct the free movement of vehicular
                                                             (2)    A person who violates this section is
          traffic.
                                                                   responsible for a civil infraction.
   (2)     A person who violates this section is
          responsible for a civil infraction.                Rule 830 is added to read as follows:

   Rule 718 is added to read as follows:                     Rule 830. Interference with enforcement.

  Rule 718. Pedestrians: remaining in street or              (1)    No person shall knowingly and willfully
road.                                                              obstruct or interfere with the enforce­
                                                                   ment of any of the provisions of this
   (1)     Where sidewalks are provided or where                   traffic code regulating the standing or
          public beaches, parkland or other acces­                 parking of motor vehicles nor shall any
          sible public property is adjacent to a                   person knowingly or willfully obstruct or
          street or public right-of-way, it is unlaw­              interfere with any police officer or other
          ful for pedestrians to remain in the street              city employee while such police officer or
          or road, including traveled portions and                 other city employee is engaged in the
          parking areas in said street or road.                    enforcement of any of the provisions of
   (2)    A person who violates this section shall                 this chapter regulating the standing or
          be responsible for a civil infraction.                   parking of motor vehicles.

   Rule 825 is added to read as follows:                     (2)    A person who violates this section is
                                                                   responsible for a civil infraction.
   Rule 825. Vehicles parked in restricted area
deemed stationary if not moved more than 50                  Rule 831 is added to read as follows:
feet.                                                        Rule 831. Unlawful conduct at scene of accident.
   Vehicles parked in the restricted parking area,           (1)    No person shall proceed to the scene of
which are not moved, more than 50 feet during                      an accident or other emergency or stop
the limited parking period, shall be deemed to                     and park a vehicle or congregate in the
have remained stationary.                                          vicinity thereof so as to interfere with
                                                                   police officers or other persons perform­
   Rule 826 is added to read as follows:
                                                                   ing their duties at the scene of such
  Rule 826. Impounding of vehicles for failure to                  accident or other emergency, or for the
answer parking violation notices or citations.                     purpose of advertising or offering any
                                                                   service for hire, nor shall any person
   In addition to the infractions and penalties set                thereat solicit gainful employment of any
forth in this traffic code for parking violations,                 nature.
vehicles may be impounded in the circumstances
set forth in Rule 107.                                       (2)    A person who violates this section is
                                                                   responsible for a civil infraction.
   Rule 829 is added to read as follows:
                                                             Rule 903 is amended to read as follows:
   Rule 829. Moving of parked vehicle at request
of police officer or owner or occupant of abutting        Rule 903. Penalties; civil infraction and
property                                                misdemeanor.
   (1)    The operator of a vehicle which is parked          (1)    Civil infraction. Any violation of the
          shall move the same at any time at the                   uniform traffic code adopted or amended


Supp. No. 5                                        CD92:10
                                                 TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                       § 92-53



         by the city which is designated as a civil                   ARTICLE IV. JUNK VEHICLES
         infraction is not a crime and shall not be
         punishable by imprisonment or a penal                 Sec. 92-51. Title.
         fine. A civil infraction shall not be
         considered a lesser included offense of                 This article shall be known as the junk vehicle
         any criminal offense. Civil infraction fines          ordinance.
         shall be in any amount, if not specifically           (Ord. No. 2038, § 12-53, 12-12-2000)
         set forth, up to $500.00, or set forth in a
         schedule adopted by the district court                Sec. 92-52. Purpose.
         pursuant to statute. The fines shall be
         exclusive of costs, expenses or fees.                    This article is enacted to protect the health,
                                                               safety and welfare of the city and its citizens,
                                                               and, further, in particular, to prevent and prohibit
   (2)   Misdemeanor. Unless another penalty is
                                                               the storage, accumulation and improper disposal
         expressly provided by the ordinances of
                                                               of abandoned, wrecked, dismantled or inopera-
         the city, every person who is convicted of
                                                               tive vehicles, all of which interfere with the
         a misdemeanor violation of any provision
                                                               enjoyment of the property, adversely affect
         of the uniform traffic code shall be
                                                               property values, create fire hazards, cause health
         punished by a fine of not more than
                                                               problems, extend and aggravate urban blight, or
         $500.00 or by imprisonment for not more
                                                               encourage unsightly, environmentally, or aestheti-
         than 90 days, or both.
                                                               cally degrading uses of land in the city.
                                                               (Ord. No. 2038, § 12-54, 12-12-2000)
   Rule 1000 is added to read as follows:
                                                               Sec. 92-53. Definitions.
   Rule 1000. Adoption of state snowmobile
statutes.                                                        The following words, terms and phrases, when
                                                               used in this article, shall have the meanings
                                                               ascribed to them in this section, except where
  There is hereby adopted by reference the
                                                               the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
provisions of Part 821, Public Act No. 451 of
1994 (MCL 324.82101 et seq.), as if fully set out                 Disposal site means a place for legally storing
herein.                                                        junk vehicles, including, without limitation,
                                                               impounding lots, junkyards, public storage lots
   Rule 1001 is added to read as follows:                      or garages, or other such premises.
                                                                  Junk vehicle means any vehicle or motor
  Rule 1001. Operation of snowmobile between                   vehicle, including motorized and nonmotorized,
10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.                                       highway or nonhighway vehicles, trailers or mobile
                                                               homes, which are not currently licensed and
   A person shall not operate a snowmobile                     registered, even if operable, or, whether or not
within the city during the hours from 10:00 p.m.               licensed and registered, not operable or usable
until 7:00 a.m.                                                for their original purpose, or not operable or
(Ord. No. 2353, 3-22-2016; Ord. No. 2378, § 1,                 usable for their original purpose without major
1-9-2018)                                                      repair, or partially/fully dismantled. The term
   Editor’s note—Ord. No. 2353, adopted Mar. 22, 2016,         "junk vehicle" includes wrecked, damaged, junked,
repealed the former section and enacted a new section as set
                                                               dismantled, partially dismantled, inoperable,
out herein. The former section pertained to similar subject
matter and derived from Code 1975, § 20-3; Code 2002,          abandoned, unlicensed, registered or discarded
§ 92-33; Ord. No. 2151, 5-24-2005.                             vehicles.

                                                                  Motor vehicle means any vehicle which is
                                                               self-propelled and designed to travel along the
Secs. 92-34—92-50. Reserved.                                   ground and shall include, but not be limited to,


Supp. No. 10                                             CD92:11
§ 92-53                                     MUSKEGON CITY CODE



automobiles, buses, motorbikes, motorcycles, motor                  for the purpose of repairing the vehicle;
scooters, trucks, tractors, go-carts, golf carts, and               provided that the location of the vehicle
race cars.                                                          does not violate the zoning ordinance.
  Private property means any real property within             (4)
                                                                One seasonal vehicle; provided that it
the city that is privately owned and which is not               must be currently licensed, and, if it is
public property as defined in this section.                     not currently licensed, it must be stored
   Public property means any street, easement,                  in a legally erected building as described
alley or highway for its entire dedicated or                    in subsection (b)(1) of this section.
publicly owned width, or any property owned or           (Ord. No. 2038, § 12-58, 12-12-2000)
controlled or capable of control by a government
entity, school district or public educational institu-   Sec. 92-56. Notice of violation; removal;
tion, including institutions of higher learning,                     impounding; penalty.
vocational training, or an intermediate school
district.                                                   (a) Whenever any junk vehicle is found, a
  Seasonal vehicle means any operative vehicle           written notice shall be delivered in person or by
normally licensed for only part of the year.             first class mail to the owner of the junk vehicle
(Ord. No. 2038, § 12-55, 12-12-2000)                     and the owner or occupant of the private property
                                                         on which the vehicle is located. An additional
                                                         notice shall be affixed to a conspicuous part of
Sec. 92-54. General prohibition.
                                                         the vehicle. The notice shall describe the viola-
   No person shall store any junk vehicle, except        tion of this article and shall require the removal
as where permitted and in accordance with this           of the violation within seven days. If the viola-
Code. The storage of such vehicles in violation of       tion is observed to exist after seven days, a
this article shall be declared a nuisance. All junk      municipal civil infraction ticket for such viola-
vehicles shall be removed and disposed of at a           tion may be issued. The city may determine,
legally established disposal site.                       with appropriate authority, such as a court order
(Ord. No. 2038, § 12-56, 12-12-2000)                     or the property owner or occupant's permission
                                                         or failure to respond to the notice, to peaceably
Sec. 92-55. Storage requirements and                     enter the property to correct the violation, includ-
            prohibitions.                                ing removal or impounding of the vehicle at a
                                                         disposal site.
  (a) No person shall park, store, leave, or
permit the parking, storing or leaving of any               (b) If a vehicle is removed and impounded by
junk vehicle upon any public or private property         the city at a location where there will be impound-
within the city. The presence of such vehicle, or        ing fees or charges, it shall give appropriate or
parts thereof, on private or public property is          required notice to the registered owner of the
hereby declared a public nuisance.                       vehicle and to the state; provided that the notice
                                                         shall not designate the vehicle as abandoned.
   (b) This section shall not apply to the follow-
                                                         The notice shall indicate that the vehicle will be
ing vehicles, whether or not they are junk vehicles:
                                                         disposed of by sale if the owner fails to redeem
   (1)    Any vehicle enclosed within a legally          the vehicle by paying any charges or fees
          erected storage building in which they fit     occasioned by the removal, impounding or stor-
          completely and are fully enclosed on           age of the vehicle.
          private property.
                                                            (c) The direct cost of any enforcement action,
   (2)    Any operative vehicle on a sales lot of a
                                                         including a 15 percent surcharge for overhead
          licensed motor vehicle dealer.
                                                         and indirect costs, shall be charged to the owner
   (3)    Any vehicle temporarily kept on the            or occupant of the property, as well as any owner
          premises of a licensed auto repair shop        of the vehicle, and in addition shall be levied


Supp. No. 10                                        CD92:12
                                            TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                        § 92-71



against the property and collected in the manner             (i)   Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a
of real property taxes, and shall constitute a                     railroad crossing;
valid tax lien against the premises if unpaid.               (j)   Within 20 feet of the driveway entrance
   (d) Any person who violates or fails to comply                  to any fire station and on the side of the
with the provisions of this article shall be                       street opposite the entrance to any fire
responsible for a municipal civil infraction. Each                 station within 75 feet of the entrance if
act in violation of any of the provisions thereof                  properly marked by an official sign;
shall be deemed a separate municipal civil infrac-           (k)   Alongside or opposite any street excava-
tion. In connection with and in addition to the                    tion or obstruction, if the stopping, stand-
municipal civil infraction, the city may request                   ing, or parking would obstruct traffic;
supplemental relief and/or other remedies as
                                                             (l)   On the roadway side of a vehicle stopped
available to the city. Municipal civil infraction
                                                                   or parked at the edge or curb of a street;
penalties shall be as set forth in the schedule of
municipal civil infraction fines in section 46-204.          (m) Upon a bridge or other elevated highway
(Ord. No. 2038, § 12-59, 12-12-2000)                             structure or within a highway tunnel;
                                                             (n)   At a place where an official sign prohibits
Secs. 92-57—92-70. Reserved.                                       stopping or parking;
                                                             (o)   Within 500 feet of an accident at which a
        ARTICLE V. LOCAL PARKING                                   police officer is in attendance, if the
             RESTRICTIONS                                          scene of the accident is outside of a city
                                                                   or village;
Sec. 92-71. Parking restrictions.                            (p)   In front of a theater;
  (1) A vehicle shall not be parked, except if               (q)   In a place or in a manner that blocks
necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in               immediate egress from an emergency
compliance with the law or the directions of a                     exit conspicuously marked as an
police officer or traffic-control device, excluding                emergency exit of a building;
parking in a marina, see section 92-74, in any of            (r)   In a place or in a manner that blocks or
the following places:                                              hampers the immediate use of an immedi-
                                                                   ate egress from a fire escape conspicu-
  (a)   On a sidewalk;
                                                                   ously marked as a fire escape providing
  (b)   In front of a public or private driveway;                  an emergency means of egress from a
  (c)   Within an intersection;                                    building;
                                                             (s)   In a parking space clearly identified by
  (d)   Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant;
                                                                   an official sign as being reserved for use
  (e)   On a crosswalk;                                            by disabled persons that is on public
  (f)   Within 20 feet of a crosswalk, or if there                 property or private property available for
        is not a crosswalk then, within 15 feet of                 public use, unless the individual is a
        the intersection of property lines at an                   disabled person as described in section
        intersection of highways;                                  19a of the Michigan Vehicle Code or
                                                                   unless the individual is parking the vehicle
  (g)   Within 30 feet of the approach to a                        for the benefit of a disabled person. In
        flashing beacon, stop sign, or traffic control             order for the vehicle to be parked in the
        signal located at the side of a highway;                   parking space the vehicle shall display
  (h)   Between a safety zone and the adjacent                     one of the following:
        curb or within 30 feet of a point on the                   (i) A certificate of identification or
        curb immediately opposite the end of a                          windshield placard issued under sec-
        safety zone, unless a different length is                       tion 675 of the Michigan Vehicle
        indicated by an official sign or marking;                       Code to a disabled person.


Supp. No. 10                                       CD92:13
§ 92-71                                       MUSKEGON CITY CODE



          (ii)   A special registration plate issued                 mailbox obstruct the delivery of mail to a
                 under section 803d of the Michigan                  rural mailbox by a carrier of the United
                 Vehicle Code to a disabled person.                  States postal service;
          (iii) A similar certificate of identifica-           (z)   In a place or in a manner that blocks the
                tion or windshield placard issued by                 use of an alley;
                another state to a disabled person.
                                                               (aa) In a place or in a manner that blocks
          (iv) A similar special registration plate                 access to a space clearly designated as a
               issued by another state to a disabled                fire lane;
               person.
                                                               (LO1) On those streets that have been signed
          (v)    A special registration plate to which
                                                                   or marked for angle parking, a person
                 a tab for persons with disabilities is
                                                                   shall not stop, stand, or park a vehicle
                 attached issued under this act.
                                                                   other than at the angle to the curb or
   (t)    In a clearly identified access aisle or                  edge of the roadway indicated by the
          access lane immediately adjacent to a                    signs or markings. The front of the vehicle
          space designated for parking by persons                  must be nearest the curb or edge of
          with disabilities;                                       roadway and the rear of the vehicle
                                                                   nearest the travel portion of the roadway
   (u)    On a street or other area open to the                    or parking area (no backing in);
          parking of vehicles that results in the
          vehicle interfering with the use of a                (LO2) A person shall not stand or park a
          curb-cut or ramp by persons with dis-                    vehicle in a roadway other than parallel
          abilities;                                               with the edge of the roadway, headed in
                                                                   the direction of lawful traffic movement,
   (v)    Within 500 feet of a fire at which fire                  and with the right hand wheels of the
          apparatus is in attendance, if the scene                 vehicle within 12 inches of the curb or
          of the fire is outside a city or village.                edge of the roadway, except otherwise
          However, volunteer fire fighters respond-                provided in this part;
          ing to the fire may park within 500 feet
          of the fire in a manner not to interfere             (LO3) A person shall not stop, stand, or park
          with fire apparatus at the scene. A vehicle              a vehicle other than a bus in a bus stop or
          parked legally previous to the fire is                   other than a taxi cab in a taxi cab stand
          exempt from this subdivision;                            when the stop or stand has been officially
                                                                   designated and appropriately signed,
   (w) In violation of an official sign restricting                except that the driver of a passenger
       the period of time for a manner of park-                    vehicle may temporarily stop therein for
       ing;                                                        the purpose of, and while actually engaged
                                                                   in, the expeditious loading or unloading
   (x)    In a space controlled or regulated by a                  of passengers, if the stopping does not
          meter on a public highway or in a publicly               interfere with any bus or taxi cab waiting
          owned parking area or structure, or where                to enter or about to enter the zone;
          controlled by another type of meter, if the
          allowable time for parking indicated on              (LO4) On unimproved side or front yards of
          the meter or other device has expired,                   residential lots;
          unless the vehicle properly displays one
          or more of the items listed in section               (LO5) Where a vehicle is abandoned as defined
          675(8) of the Michigan Vehicle Code;                     in MCL 257.252a or MCL 257.252b;

   (y)    On a street or highway in such a way as              (LO6) Other than between painted lines in
          to obstruct the delivery of mail to a rural              designated parking areas;


Supp. No. 10                                         CD92:14
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                       § 92-71



  (LO7) Along or on any unpaved parkway,                               to Seventh Street, heading northerly
      except where the same is used for a                              on Seventh Street from Western
      driveway to enter private or public                              Avenue to Shoreline Drive; and
      property. Parking on the terrace (i.e., the
      area between the property line and the                     (b)   On Third Street from Merrill Avenue
      street) is permitted from December 1                             to Muskegon Avenue:
      through March 1 on those streets having
                                                                 Parking is allowed except between the
      allowed parking on only one side of the
                                                                 hours of 12:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m. except
      street, but not on the paved portion of the
                                                                 as permitted as follows. On the side of
      terrace;
                                                                 the street with even numbered addresses
  (LO8) In any public park, beach or other                       on even numbered calendar days, park-
      public area between the hours of 11:00                     ing is allowed at all times. On the side of
      p.m. and 5:00 a.m.;                                        the street with odd numbered addresses
                                                                 on odd numbered calendar days, parking
  (LO9) From December 1 through March 1 of                       is allowed at all times.
      each year where parking is currently
      allowed on both sides of the street, on                    All signed parking restrictions apply all
      street parking is modified as follows:                     days of the week.
        (a)    Parking is allowed on the side of the             This section applies to every portion of
               street with even numbered addresses               every block of every city street.
               on even numbered calendar days
               between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and           (LO10) Commercial vehicle defined: "Com-
               5:00 p.m.                                        mercial vehicle" includes all motor vehicles
                                                                used for the transportation of passengers
        (b)    Parking is allowed on the side of the
                                                                for hire, or constructed or used for
               street with odd numbered addresses
                                                                transportation of goods, wares or
               on odd numbered calendar days
                                                                merchandise, and/or all motor vehicles
               between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and
                                                                designed and used for drawing other
               5:00 p.m.
                                                                vehicles and not so constructed as to
        (c)    Parking is allowed on both side of               carry    any     load    thereon     either
               the street all days between the hours            independently or any part of the weight
               of 5:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.                       of a vehicle or load so drawn:
  Excluding the downtown designated areas,                       1.    No commercial vehicle shall be
  where parking is currently allowed on one                            parked upon any street or alley for
  side of the street only, parking is allowed                          a period longer than two hours.
  except between the hours of 2:00 a.m. and
  6:00 a.m.                                                      2.    No commercial vehicle shall be
                                                                       parked at any angle to the line of
        In the downtown designated areas:                              the street or alley while loading or
        (a)    Bounded by Shoreline Drive head-                        unloading for a period longer than
               ing easterly from Seventh Street to                     one hour.
               Spring Street, heading southerly on               3.    No commercial vehicle shall be
               Spring Street from Shoreline Drive                      parked at any angle to the line of
               to Apple Avenue, heading westerly                       the street or alley where such vehicle
               on Apple Avenue from Spring Street                      would prohibit the free flow of traf-
               to Muskegon Avenue, heading                             fic.
               westerly on Muskegon Avenue from
               Apple Avenue to Ninth Street, and                 4.    No commercial vehicle shall be
               heading northerly on Ninth Street                       parked in residential areas.


Supp. No. 10                                      CD92:15
§ 92-71                                    MUSKEGON CITY CODE



   (LO11) Special provisions relating to trailers           (LO15) Where a daily or a seasonal pass is
       and semitrailers:                                        required, as indicated in posted signs or
                                                                notices, for a motor vehicle to park, no
          1.   No unattached trailer or semitrailer
                                                                motor vehicle shall park in such a loca-
               shall be parked on any street or
                                                                tion without the daily pass belonging to
               alley at any time except when it is
                                                                that vehicle being prominently displayed
               necessary to temporarily disconnect
                                                                on the motor vehicle's front dashboard,
               such trailer or semitrailer for
                                                                the seasonal pass belonging to that vehicle
               convenience in loading or unload-
                                                                being prominently affixed to the front
               ing.
                                                                windshield on the driver's side, or a
          2.   Streets in a business district may               resident's beach seasonal pass being
               be designated on which no trailer                prominently placed on the dashboard on
               shall be stopped, parked or allowed              the driver's side.
               to stand between the hours of 10:00
               a.m. and 6:00 p.m.                        (2) A person shall not move a vehicle not
                                                       owned by the person into a prohibited area or
          3.   A person who violates this section is   away from a curb a distance that makes the
               responsible for a civil infraction.     parking unlawful.
   (LO12) No vehicle shall display a "for sale"
                                                          (3) A bus, for the purpose of taking on or
       sign while parked on any public street or
                                                       discharging passengers, may be stopped at a
       property;
                                                       place described in subsection (l)(b), (d), or (f) or
   (LO13) No person shall drive or operate a           on the roadway side of a vehicle illegally parked
       motor vehicle in any area or place other        in a legally designated bus loading zone. A bus,
       than the public streets and roadways or         for the purpose of taking on or discharging a
       other such areas so designated for the          passenger, may be stopped at a place described
       vehicular travel, and no person shall           in subsection (l)(n) if the place is posted by and
       drive or operate a motor vehicle along or       appropriate bus stop sign, except that a bus shall
       upon any unpaved parkway except where           not stop at such a place if the stopping is
       the same is used for a driveway to enter        specifically prohibited by the responsible local
       private or public property, nor shall any       authority, the state transportation department,
       person drive or operate a motor vehicle         or the director of the department of state police.
       in any public park beach or other public
       area, except in those areas designated            (4) A person who violated this section is
       for vehicular travel therein.                   responsible for a civil infraction.
                                                       (Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014; Ord. No. 2350, 3-22-
   (LO14) A person shall not allow a motor             2016; Ord. No. 2376, 9-26-2017; Ord. No. 2394,
       vehicle to stand on a highway or places         §§ 1, 2, 12-11-2018; Ord. No. 2396, § 1, 12-18-
       open to the public unattended without           2018; Ord. No. 2397, § 1, 12-18-2018; Ord. No.
       engaging the parking brake or placing           2429, § 1, 5-26-2020; Ord. No. 2443, § 1, 11-24-
       the vehicle in park, stopping the motor of      2020)
       the vehicle, and removing and taking               State law references—Uniform Traffic Code, MCL
                                                       257.951 et seq.; Michigan Vehicle Code, MCL 257.1 et seq.
       possession of the ignition key. If the
       vehicle is standing upon a grade, the
       front wheels of the vehicle shall be turned     Sec. 92-72. Snow emergency.
       to the curb or side of the highway. This
       section does not apply to a vehicle that is        (1) No parking during snow emergency. Except
       standing in a place and is equipped with        as otherwise provided in this article, no person
       a remote start feature, if the remote start     shall park any vehicle and/or trailer on any
       feature is engaged.                             street during a declared snow emergency. Permits


Supp. No. 10                                      CD92:16
                                          TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                         § 92-72



for on-street parking issued under any ordinance                  driver of such vehicle may be ticketed for
or authority of the city shall not be valid during                violation of this article. Such a violation
a declared snow emergency.                                        shall constitute a civil infraction.
  (2) Declaration of emergency.                             (4) Termination.
  (a)   In the interest of the public health, safety        (a)   Whenever the mayor, or in the absence of
        and welfare and at the request of appropri-               the mayor the vice mayor, or in the
        ate municipal staff, the mayor or, in                     absence of both then the city manager,
        his/her absence, the vice mayor or, if                    finds the conditions which gave rise to a
        neither are available, the city manager                   snow emergency no longer exist, it shall
        may declare a snow emergency whenever                     be terminated by notice given
        ice or snow has accumulated or is                         substantially in the same manner it was
        significantly likely to accumulate to such                declared.
        an extent as to impede safe travel upon
                                                            (b)   In the absence of an official termination
        the city streets.
                                                                  of the snow emergency, the parking
  (b)   Upon declaration of a snow emergency,                     prohibition shall be lifted on those streets
        the city's designated representative shall                where the city has completed snow plow-
        immediately publicize the snow emergency                  ing from curb to curb for the length
        and parking prohibition in a manner                       thereof lying between two successive street
        reasonably calculated to inform the public                intersections and the snow or sleet has
        of the requirements of this article. The                  stopped.
        snow emergency shall be effective six
        hours after its initial declaration and             (c)   In the absence of (a) or (b) above, the
        publication.                                              snow emergency shall terminate automati-
                                                                  cally 48 hours after the effective time of
  (3) Time limit for removal of parked vehicle—                   the declaration unless the emergency
Impoundment conditions and penalties.                             has been extended and notice of said
  (a)   Within six hours of the declaration of the                extension has been given in substantially
        snow emergency, any motor vehicle or                      the same manner the emergency was
        trailer on any street, road or avenue                     first declared.
        within the city shall be removed.                 (5) Presumption that owner parked vehicle or
  (b)   The city is hereby authorized to remove        trailer. In any proceeding for a violation of this
        any vehicle and/or trailer which is parked     chapter, proof that the motor vehicle or trailer
        on any street during a declared snow           described in the complaint was parked in viola-
        emergency and to transport the same to         tion of such chapter, together with proof that the
        an impound facility designated by the          defendant named in the complaint was at the
        city. Towing, storage and impound fees         time of such violation the registered owner of
        shall be charged to the owner of the           such vehicle or trailer, shall constitute a presump-
        vehicle and/or trailer impounded. All          tion that the registered owner of such vehicle or
        impounding fees shall be paid prior to         trailer was the person who parked such vehicle
        the return of the vehicle or trailer to the    or trailer at the point where and for the time
        owner.                                         during which such violation occurred.
  (c)   In addition to liability for towing, storage      (6) Other parking restrictions remain in force.
        and any other impound fees related to          Nothing contained in this article shall be construed
        removal of a vehicle and/or trailer from       to permit parking at any time or place where it is
        the street during a declared snow              prohibited by any other provision of law.
        emergency, the registered owner and/or         (Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014)




Supp. No. 10                                      CD92:17
§ 92-73                                    MUSKEGON CITY CODE



Sec. 92-73. Parking violations bureau; minimum parking fines.
   (1) Pursuant to the provisions of state law MCL 600.8395, there is hereby established within the
city a parking violations bureau to accept pleas of responsible in motor vehicle parking violation cases
and to collect and retain fines and costs as prescribed by ordinance.
  (2) Upon pleading responsible or being found responsible by a court, the fines for parking violations
shall be as follows:
   (2.1) Level 1 parking violations.

   Code 92-71(1)                       Offense
   LO1                                 Violation of angle parking/backed into space signs
   LO2                                 Too far from curb
   LO2                                 Parking facing traffic
   LO3                                 Loading zone, passenger zone (bus/taxi cab zone)
   w                                   Parking overtime excluding at Pere Marquette Beach
   x                                   Meter parking

The penalties for level 1 parking violations are as follows:

   If paid within 14 days   If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but         After 30 days
                                 before 21 days            before 30 days
   $10.00                            $20.00                    $30.00                       $60.00

   (2.2) Level 2 parking violations.

   Code § 92-71(1)                     Offense
   a                                   Parking on sidewalk
   b                                   Blocking driveways
   c                                   Within an intersection
   e                                   In a crosswalk
   f                                   Within 20 feet of a crosswalk or within 15 feet of property lines at
                                       intersection
   g                                   Too close to a flashing beacon, stop sign, yield sign, traffic control
                                       signal, or other traffic sign
   h                                   In a safety zone
   i                                   Too close to railroad
   j                                   Too close to fire station entrance
   k                                   Parking: obstruct traffic
   m                                   Parking on a bridge or in a tunnel
   n                                   Posted prohibited parking; parking violation of any posted signs
   o                                   Parking within 500 feet of an accident
   p                                   Parking in front of a theater
   q                                   Blocking emergency exits
   r                                   Blocking fire escape
   v                                   Within 500 feet of a fire or fire apparatus (except volunteers and
                                       vehicles legally parked before the fire)
   y                                   Obstruct mail delivery
   z                                   Alley parking
   LO4                                 Front and side yard parking
   LO7                                 Parking on terrace or parkway


Supp. No. 10                                     CD92:18
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                       § 92-73




   Code § 92-71(1)                      Offense
   LO9                                  2a-6a parking prohibited
   LO10                                 Commercial vehicles
   LO11                                 Unattached trailers and semitrailers
   LO12                                 Display of "for sale" sign while parked on city street or terrace
                                        Other violations
   LO14                                 Unattended vehicles (running)

The penalties for level 2 parking violations are as follows:

   If paid within 14 days     If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but    If paid after 30 days
                                   before 21 days            before 30 days
   $15.00                              $30.00                    $45.00                     $70.00

  (2.3) Level 3 parking violations.

   Code § 92-71(1)                      Offense
   d                                    Too close to a fire hydrant
   l                                    Double parking
   LO6                                  Parking outside the lines
   LO8                                  Parking in a public park after 11:00 p.m. and before 5:00 a.m.
   LO13                                 Prohibited off-road vehicular traffic
                                        Other violations in any city parks

The penalties for level 3 parking violations are as follows:

   If paid within 14 days     If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but       After 30 days
                                   before 21 days            before 30 days
   $20.00                              $40.00                    $60.00                     $80.00

  (2.4) Level 4 parking violations.

   Code § 92-71(1)                      Offense
   LO5                                  Abandoned vehicle

The penalties for level 4 parking violations are as follows:

   If paid within 14 days     If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but    If paid after 30 days
                                   before 21 days            before 30 days
   $20.00                              $40.00                    $60.00                     $80.00

  (2.5) Any other violation of the parking provisions which are not listed in the above schedules shall
        be considered level 2 parking violations and shall carry the penalties set forth above for level
        2 violations, except that:
        a)     Code § 92-71(1)(s)(t)(u). Spaces for disabled persons. Unlawful parking in a space
               reserved for persons with disabilities as defined in applicable state law shall carry a
               minimum of $105.00, which shall increase to $210.00 after the first 14 days after the
               violation, and $315.00 after 30 days;
        b)     Code § 92-71(1)(aa). Fire lane. Unlawful parking in a fire lane shall carry a minimum of
               $30.00, which shall increase to $60.00 after the first 14 days, after 21-30 days the violation
               will be $90.00 and $120.00 after 30 days;


Supp. No. 11                                      CD92:19
§ 92-73                                    MUSKEGON CITY CODE



          c)   Code 92-71(1)(LO15) shall carry a fine of $30.00 per calendar day; and
          d)Code 92-71(1)(w), limited to parking overtime at Pere Marquette Beach shall carry a fine
            of $20.00 per violation.
(Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014; Ord. No. 2350, 3-22-2016; Ord. No. 2377, 9-26-2017; Ord. No. 2430, § 1,
5-26-2020; Ord. No. 2432, § 1, 7-14-2020)

Sec. 92-74. Marina parking restrictions;                         after the date of the violation, to $105.00
            violation as a municipal civil                       after 21 days after the date of the viola-
            infraction; public boat launch                       tion, and to $130.00 after 30 days after
            permit.                                              the date of the violation.
  1. A vehicle shall not be parked, except if               c.Offense (1)(c) "Parking within an area
necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or in          marked for vehicle/trailer parking only,"
compliance with the law or the direction of a                 shall be equal to a level 4 parking viola-
police officer or traffic-control device, in any of           tion and shall carry a minimum fine of
the following places:                                         $35.00, which shall increase to $70.00
                                                              after the first 14 days after the date of
   a.     No parking on the grass/unimproved area             the violation, to $105.00 after 21 days
          in city parking launch ramp area                    after the date of the violation, and to
   b.     Within 50 feet of a public boat launch,             $130.00 after 30 days after the date of
          with or without a permit; and                       the violation.
                                                       (Ord. No. 2433, 7-14-2020; Ord. No. 2449, § 1,
   c.     Within an area marked for vehicle/
                                                       3-23-2021)
          trailer parking, with or without a permit.      Editor’s note—Ord. No. 2449, § 1, adopted March 23,
                                                       2021, amended § 92-74, and in so doing changed the title of
   A person who violates this section is responsible   said section from marina parking restrictions; violation as a
for a civil infraction.                                municipal civil infraction; public boat launch permit viola-
                                                       tion fines to read as set out herein.
   2. Pursuant to the provisions of state law
MCL 600.8395, it is hereby established within          Secs. 92-75—92-99. Reserved.
the city a parking violations bureau to accept
pleas of responsible in motor vehicle parking
violation cases and to collect and retain fines and    ARTICLE VI. ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND
costs as prescribed by ordinance. Upon pleading                       BIKES
responsible or being found responsible by a
court, the fines for parking violations in a marina    Sec. 92-100. Purpose.
shall be as follows:                                      The purpose of this article is to promote the
   a.     Offense (1)(a) "No parking on the grass/     health, safety and welfare of persons operating
          unimproved are in city parking launch        electric scooters and electric bikes within the
          ramp area and shall carry a minimum          city, and to protect the safety of other users of
          fine of $15.00, which shall increase to      roads and bike trials.
          $30.00 after the first 14 days after the     (Ord. No. 2415, § 1, 6-25-2019)
          date of the violation, to $45.00 after 21
          days after the date of the violation, and    Sec. 92-101. Definitions.
          to $70.00 after 30 days after the date of      For the purposes of this article, the following
          the violation.                               words and phrases shall have the following
   b.     Offense (1)(b) "Parking within 50 feet of    meanings:
          a public boat launch," shall be equal to a     Bike path means the sections of the Muskegon
          parking violation and shall carry a          Lakeshore Trial, which follows the shore of
          minimum fine of $35.00, which shall          Muskegon Lake and parallels Lakeshore Drive
          increase to $70.00 after the first 14 days   and Shoreline Drive, that lie within the city.


Supp. No. 11                                      CD92:20
                                         TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                       § 92-104



  Direct visual supervision means direct visual                  bike containing any open container of
observation, by an adult who is in control of the                alcohol shall be operated on public roads.
operator, with the unaided or normally corrected
                                                           (5)   The operator of an electric scooter or
eye, where the observer is able to come to the
                                                                 electric bike shall comply with all traffic
immediate aid of the operator.
                                                                 rules and regulations adopted by the
   Electric bike means a bicycle with an integrated              State of Michigan and the city which
electric motor which can be used for propulsion.                 governs the operation of motor vehicles.
Electric bike does not include a vespa or moped-           (6)   An operator may not allow the number of
like vehicles, motorcycles, dirt bikes, ORVs, gas                people in or on an electric scooter or
scooters, or any similar vehicle.                                electric bike at any one time to exceed
                                                                 the maximum capacity specified by the
   Electric scooter means a light two-wheeled
                                                                 manufacturer. The operator shall not
electric vehicle on which the driver stands on the
                                                                 allow passengers to ride on any part of
floorboard or deck. Electric scooter does not
                                                                 an electric scooter or electric bike not
include a vespa or moped-like vehicles,
                                                                 designed to carry passengers.
motorcycles, dirt bikes, ORVs, gas scooters, or
any similar vehicle.                                       (7)   In no instances shall an electric scooter
                                                                 be operated at a speed greater than ten
   Operator means only persons over 14 years of                  miles per hour on the bike path.
age or those under 14 years of age but over 12
years of age and under direct visual supervision           (8)   No electric scooter or electric bike may be
of an adult who is in control of the operator.                   operated at a speed greater than reason-
(Ord. No. 2415, § 2, 6-25-2019)                                  able and prudent for the existing condi-
                                                                 tions.
Sec. 92-102. Rules and regulations.                        (9)   Electric scooters and electric bikes must
                                                                 be operated at the right edge of the
   This article is to establish guidance in the                  roadway and must yield to all vehicular
interest of public safety.                                       and pedestrian traffic.
  (1)   Electric scooters and electric bikes may           (10) Electric scooters and electric bikes are
        be operated on local roads, public parks,               prohibited from parking on any sidewalk
        and the bike path.                                      or any other location that impedes
                                                                vehicular or foot traffic. All other park-
  (2)   Electric shooters and electric bikes shall
                                                                ing rules and limits apply.
        not be operated on or alongside any
        sidewalk. Electric scooters are prohibited      (11) Electric scooters and electric bikes must
        on all state trunk roads.                            have basic equipment supplied by the
                                                             manufacturer.
  (3)   Only persons over 14 years of age or          (Ord. No. 2415, § 3, 6-25-2019)
        those under 14 years of age but over 12
        years of age and under direct visual          Sec. 92-103. Registration.
        supervision may operate an electric scooter
        or electric bike.                               All electric scooters and electric bikes are
                                                      subject to city registration requirements imposed
  (4)   Any person who operates an electric           upon bicycles.
        scooter or electric bike on a public road     (Ord. No. 2415, § 4, 6-25-2019)
        must adhere to all applicable state and
        local laws, regulations and ordinances,
                                                      Sec. 92-104. Enforcement.
        including, but not limited to, those ban-
        ning the possession and use of alcoholic         Violation of the provisions of this article shall
        beverages, and all other illegal drugs. In    constitute a civil infraction and carry a penalty
        addition, no electric scooter or electric     of not less than a $100.00 fine for a first viola-


Supp. No. 16                                     CD92:21
§ 92-104                                    MUSKEGON CITY CODE



tion, not less than a $250.00 fine for a first          or controls a pedicab shall permit it to be so
repeated violation, and not less than a $500.00         driven or operated unless the pedicab company
fine for a second repeated offense or any               holds a valid and unrevoked pedicab company
subsequent repeat offense.                              license issued under authority of this chapter
(Ord. No. 2415, § 5, 6-25-2019)                         and operates in compliance with all of the require-
                                                        ments of this section.
Secs. 92-105—92-199. Reserved.
                                                             (1)   No person under the age of 18 shall
                                                                   operate a pedicab.
             ARTICLE VII. PEDICABS
                                                             (2)   No person shall drive or operate a pedicab
Sec. 92-200. Purpose.                                              unless that person has a current valid
                                                                   Michigan driver's license.
   The transportation of persons by means of
pedicabs is a matter closely affecting the public                  (a)   It shall be unlawful for any pedicab
interest. The public interest requires that pedicabs                     operator whose driver's license is
be fit for their intended purpose and that safety                        currently suspended, revoked or
and welfare of passengers be protected in the                            denied or who has not been issued a
operation of pedicabs and pedicab companies.                             valid, current Michigan driver's
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)                                          license to operate a pedicab. Each
                                                                         pedicab owner shall obtain a
Sec. 92-201. Definitions.                                                photocopy of each pedicab operator's
                                                                         driver's license prior to allowing the
  The following words, terms and phrases, when                           pedicab operator to operate the
used in this chapter, shall have the meanings                            pedicab.
ascribed to them in this section, except where
the context clearly indicates a different meaning:                 (b)   Each pedicab owner shall maintain
                                                                         a continuously updated list of the
  (1)      Pedicab means a multi-wheeled pas-
                                                                         names and residence addresses,
           senger vehicle that is moved by human
                                                                         dates of birth and current driver's
           power that is pulled, pushed or otherwise
                                                                         license numbers of all its pedicab
           propelled by a person, which is used in
                                                                         operators and shall be exhibited on
           the movement of passenger(s) on public
                                                                         demand of any police officer or other
           right-of-way and shall include, but not be
                                                                         properly identified city employee who
           limited to, cycle-rickshaws, cyclos, velo-
                                                                         requests it.
           taxis, trishaws, pedal pubs, biketaxis and
           any other pushcart or rickshaw-type               (3)   No person shall operate, or cause to be
           vehicle or non-motorized passenger                      operated, a pedicab in an unsafe condi-
           vehicle, but which can have electrically                tion.
           assisted device(s).
  (2)      Pedicab owner means any person who                (4)   All pedicab operators are subject to all
           owns a pedicab.                                         applicable traffic safety laws, rules, and
                                                                   regulations.
  (3)  Pedicab operator means any person who
       operates a pedicab.                                   (5)   Pedicabs are not permitted to park on
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)                                    public property except as follows:

Sec. 92-202. Operating regulations.                                (a)   The city manager may designate a
                                                                         portion of a public street, alley, plaza,
   No person shall drive or operate a pedicab for                        park or similar public place as
hire upon the streets, highways or thoroughfares                         "pedicab stand" for the parking of
of the City of Muskegon, and no person who owns                          pedicabs.


Supp. No. 16                                       CD92:22
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                        § 92-203



        (b)    A single pedicab may park temporar-      driven or operated unless the pedicab vehicle is
               ily at the curb only as long as          in compliance with all of the requirements of this
               necessary for passengers to board        section.
               and exit the vehicle.
                                                             (1)   All pedicab owners must have each
        (c)    In all cases, pedicabs shall be parked              pedicab vehicle inspected by a bike
               in a location that does not impede                  mechanic prior to operation. All pedicab
               pedestrian or vehicular traffic.                    vehicles must be constructed for and
        (d)    Pedicab operators shall not stop to                 have the structural integrity to support
               load or unload passengers or their                  pedicab operations. Each pedicab vehicle
               belongings in the intersection of                   must be equipped with the following:
               any street, crosswalks or in any                    (a)   Tires. Tires shall be of a size
               manner or other location that would                       appropriate for the pedicab with no
               be considered unsafe. No pedicab                          mismatched tires. There shall be no
               shall load or unload in any such                          cuts to the tire, localized worn spots
               manner that will in any way impede                        that expose the ply, or visible tread
               or interfere with the orderly flow of                     wear indicators.
               traffic on the streets.
                                                                   (b)   Operation bell or horn. The pedicab
  (6)   Fares must be agreed upon at the begin-                          shall be equipped with a fully
        ning of each trip.                                               operational bell or horn

  (7)   No person shall use or permit or allow                     (c)   Brakes. It shall be unlawful for a
        any pedicab to be used in, or to aid or                          licensee to operate, or cause to be
        abet, any illegal act.                                           operated, a pedicab that is not
                                                                         equipped with front and rear brak-
  (8)   No person shall operate or knowingly                             ing system capable of being
        permit any other person to operate any                           manipulated by the licensee or
        pedicab under the influence of intoxicat-                        pedicab operator from his normal
        ing liquor, any controlled, exhilarating or                      position of operation and is capable
        stupefying substance or of any combina-                          of causing a pedicab with full comple-
        tion of substances mentioned herein.                             tement of permitted passengers to
  (9)   No person shall operate a pedicab when                           come to a complete stop within a
        the number of passengers exceeds the                             distance of 15 feet from a speed of
        number of available seats. No person                             ten miles pers hour in a linear path
        shall operate a pedicab unless all pas-                          of motion when each wheel of the
        sengers are seated in a seat designed for                        pedicab is in contact with the ground
        that purpose and using the seatbelt                              on dry, level, clean pavement. The
        provided for in the seat.                                        braking system controlling the rear
                                                                         wheels shall be hydraulic or
  (10) Each pedicab owner shall adopt and oper-                          mechanical disc or drum brakes
       ate a system for the collection, storage                          which are unaffected by rain or wet
       and return of personal property left in a                         conditions.
       pedicab.
                                                                   (d)   Headlights, tail lights, mirrors, turn
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)
                                                                         signals and other requirements.
                                                                         Every pedicab shall be equipped
Sec. 92-203. Vehicle regulations.                                        with the operational equipment set
   No person shall drive or operate a pedicab for                        forth in the subsections below:
hire upon the streets, highways or thoroughfares                         i.   A headlight capable of project-
of the City of Muskegon, and no person who owns                               ing a beam of white light for a
or controls a pedicab shall permit it to be so                                distance at a minimum of 300


Supp. No. 16                                       CD92:23
§ 92-203                                       MUSKEGON CITY CODE



                       feet which shall be clearly vis-          (3)   Each pedicab owner shall at all times
                       ible during darkness and must                   maintain a policy of liability insurance in
                       be illuminated at all times                     the minimum amount of $2,000,000.00
                       during darkness.                                for personal injuries, and property damage
                                                                       arising out of permitted operations. The
                ii.    A side mounted mirror affixed                   policy shall directly protect the City of
                       to the pedicab to reflect to the                Muskegon, its officers and employees
                       pedicab operator a view of the                  and agents as additional named insureds,
                       street for a distance of at least               and shall provide that the insurance be
                       200 feet from the rear of the                   primary insurance and that no other
                       pedicab.                                        insurance purchased by the city will be
                iii.   A red tail light and brake light                called on to contribute to a loss covered
                       affixed to the rear of the pedicab              by said policy. The policy shall further
                       which must be visible for a                     provide ten days' notice of cancellation or
                       distance of at least 500 feet                   material change to the city's designated
                       from the rear of the pedicab                    agent. Each owner and operator shall
                       and must be illuminated at all                  further agree to hold the city harmless
                       times during darkness. Turn                     for any liability or claim arising out of
                       signals must be affixed to the                  his or her operation that is not covered
                       front and rear of the vehicle.                  by the required insurance. Any deviation
                                                                       from the listed insurance coverage is
                iv.    Reflectors placed on each wheel                 subject to the approval of the City of
                       and at each corner of the body                  Muskegon.
                       of the pedicab.
                                                                 (4)
                                                                   If a pedicab is involved in a crash, the
                v.     Any other equipment required                pedicab operator shall immediately notify
                       to comply with all applicable               the pedicab owner and the police depart-
                       federal and state laws.                     ment and remain at the scene until the
                vi.    A pedicab must not have any                 crash is investigated by the police. The
                       crack, broken or missing parts,             pedicab owner shall submit a full written
                       or other visible damage. All                report on the condition of the pedicab
                       wheels must be firmly attached              vehicle to the city clerk's office within 72
                       to the hub of the vehicle and               hours after the occurrence. Before operat-
                       all springs, axels, and support-            ing the pedicab vehicle again, the pedicab
                       ing structures of each pedicab              owner shall have the vehicle re-inspected
                       vehicle must be intact.                     by a bike mechanic.
                                                            (Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)
  (2)      Each pedicab owner shall, at all times,
           keep each pedicab vehicle clean and free         Sec. 92-204. Application for operating
           of refuse and in safe operating condition.                    permit.
           Prior to the operation of any pedicab and          (1) The operating permit application form
           at the beginning of each shift or each day       shall be prescribed by the city.
           of operation, the pedicab owner shall               (2) Any application that does not include all
           thoroughly inspect the pedicab for safe          information requested by the application form or
           operating conditions. For any condition          is not supported by the materials required by
           found then or at any other time that will        this chapter shall be denied.
           prevent the safe operation of the pedicab,
           the owner shall immediately remove the              (3) The application form shall require the
           pedicab from service and correct the condi-      following information:
           tion before the pedicab is returned to                (a)   The applicant's full name and residence
           service.                                                    address;


Supp. No. 16                                           CD92:24
                                           TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES                                             § 92-300



  (b)   The applicant's date of birth;                    Prior to revocation of any license issued under
                                                       this chapter, the licensee shall be entitled to a
  (c)   The applicant's Michigan driver's license      hearing as provided for in section 50-43 and
        number;                                        50-44 of this Code.
  (d)   the routes of all pedicabs, which may be       (Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)
        approved or rejected, in whole or in part,
                                                       Sec. 92-208. Preliminary breath test.
        by the city manager; and
                                                          A police officer who has reasonable cause to
  (e)   Such other information as the city may         believe that a person is or was operating a
        require.                                       pedicab upon a public highway or other place
                                                       open to the public or generally accessible to a
  (4) The applicant shall provide the following
                                                       pedicab, including an area designated for the
material to complete the application;
                                                       parking of vehicles, and that the person by the
  (a)   Valid Michigan driver's license;               consumption of alcoholic liquor may have affected
                                                       his or her ability to operate a pedicab may
  (b)   Two    recent    color    passport-sized       require the person to submit to a preliminary
        photographs;                                   chemical breath analysis. A pedicab operator
  (c)  Such other material as the city may             who refuses to take or fails to properly take a
       require.                                        preliminary chemical breath analysis as required
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)                        by this section is a violation of this Code. In this
                                                       instance, the pedicab operator will cease opera-
                                                       tions and coordinate with the pedicab company
Sec. 92-205. Pedicab identification                    owner to retrieve the vehicle or replace the
             number and decal.                         operator.
   It is unlawful for any owner to lease, rent or      (Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)
allow a pedicab to be operated for hire without        Sec. 92-209. Penalty.
first having obtained a decal issued by the city.
The decal shall be affixed on the lower left rear         A violation of any provision of this chapter
side of the pedicab.                                   shall constitute a municipal civil infraction, which
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)                        upon an admission or finding of responsibility
                                                       shall carry a minimum fine of $100.00, which
                                                       shall increase to $250.00 after the first 14 days
Sec. 92-206. Fees.
                                                       after the date of the violation, and to $500.00
  The annual license fee shall be $100.00.             after 21 days after the date of the violation.
(Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)                        (Ord. No. 2456, § 1, 8-24-2021)

                                                       Secs. 92-210—92-299. Reserved.
Sec. 92-207. Grounds for denial, suspen-
             sion or revocation of license.
                                                            ARTICLE VIII. UNLAWFUL SPEED
   Any license issued under this chapter shall be                EXHIBITION EVENTS*
subject to suspension or revocation by the city
clerk for violation of, or for committing, causing     Sec. 92-300. Purpose.
or permitting another to commit or cause a               The City of Muskegon finds that unauthorized
violation of any provision of federal or state law     motor vehicle speed exhibition events—com-
or this Code or for any grounds that would
warrant the denial of such licenses in the first          *Editor’s note—Ord. No. 2550, § 1, adopted November
instance. Pedicab owners shall be jointly and          10, 2025, set out provisions intended for use as article VIII,
                                                       §§ 92-500—92-504. For purposes of classification, to preserve
severally responsible with the pedicab operators       the style of this Code, and at the editor's discretion, these
for any violation or any provision of federal or       provisions have been included as article VIII, §§ 92-300—92-
state law or this Code.                                304.



Supp. No. 16                                     CD92:25
§ 92-300                                     MUSKEGON CITY CODE



monly known as "street takeovers," "sideshows,"             Warning letter means a written notice issued
or "slideshows"—pose a serious threat to public          to the registered owner of a vehicle, advising
safety,   disrupt    neighborhoods,      damage          that the vehicle was observed to be involved in or
infrastructure, and endanger motorists,                  aiding in an unlawful speed exhibition event.
pedestrians, and first responders. This article is       (Ord. No. 2550, § 1, 11-10-2025)
adopted to deter such behavior, enhance enforce-
ment options, and provide for progressive                Sec. 92-302. Prohibited conduct.
administrative response through impoundment
authority and advance notice procedures.                    No person shall engage in, participate in, aid
(Ord. No. 2550, § 1, 11-10-2025)                         in, coordinate, or facilitate an unlawful speed
                                                         exhibition event as defined in this article.
Sec. 92-301. Definitions.                                (Ord. No. 2550, § 1, 11-10-2025)

  For purposes of this article:                          Sec. 92-303. Vehicle impoundment and
                                                                      warning procedure.
  Unlawful speed exhibition event means any
unpermitted motor vehicle activity on a public              (a) A law enforcement officer who has reason-
roadway, highway, alley, bridge, parking lot, or         able suspicion to believe a motor vehicle is
other publicly accessible space that:                    actively participating in or aiding in an unlawful
                                                         speed exhibition event may issue a warning
  (1)      May be preplanned or contemporane-
                                                         letter to the vehicle's registered owner within
           ously coordinated by two or more persons;
                                                         seven days of the event. The letter shall:
  (2)      Involves spinning of tires, burnouts,
                                                              (1)   State that the vehicle was identified in or
           "donuts," drifting, or the creation of tire
                                                                    aiding in an unlawful speed exhibition
           smoke;
                                                                    event. The warning letter shall identify
  (3)      Involves rapid acceleration or decelera-                 the location, date and time, of the event.
           tion intended to create noise, disruptions               The letter shall provide the process to
           to traffic operations, nuisance to the                   appeal the notice to the director of public
           public, and/or attention;                                safety;

  (4)      Involves excessive speed or street racing;         (2)   Serve as notice that any future involve-
                                                                    ment or assistance in an unlawful speed
  (5)      Involves any other motor vehicle                         exhibit may result in immediate impound-
           maneuvers performed recklessly or for                    ment of the vehicle; and
           the purpose of entertainment, stunt driv-
           ing, or show; or                                   (3)   Remain valid for a period of one year
                                                                    from the date of issuance.
  (6)      Involves a person knowingly using or
           aiding a motor vehicle or other obstacle        (b) The owner of the vehicle may file a written
           to create a physical barrier that impedes     appeal to the issuance of the warning letter to
           or blocks an intersection, bridge, public     the director of public safety. The written appeal
           right-of-way, or other public place or        must be submitted within ten business days to
           highway, thereby creating a location or       the director of public safety, along with any
           opportunity for a speed exhibition event      evidence or written statements that relate to the
           to occur.                                     warning letter. The director of public safety's
                                                         decision shall be in writing and shall be final.
   Unpermitted means without the express writ-
ten permission of the owner of private property             (c) If a vehicle is subsequently involved in or
on which the activity occurs or without prior            aiding in another unlawful speed exhibition event
authorization from the City of Muskegon for use          within one year of a prior warning letter, and a
of public property or right-of-way.                      law enforcement officer has probable cause to


Supp. No. 16                                        CD92:26
                                         TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES   § 92-304



believe the vehicle was used in or aiding in the
event, the law enforcement officer may cause the
vehicle to be impounded.
   (d) If a law enforcement officer is required to
enter private property to search for and impound
a vehicle that is in violation of this section, the
law enforcement officer must submit a request to
the district court for an order authorizing the
law enforcement officer to enter said private
property, unless the law enforcement officer has
other legal justification for entering the property
and impounding the vehicle or obtains consent
from the property owner and vehicle owner.
   (e) If an owner's vehicle is impounded, the
owner may take ownership of the vehicle at any
time so long as all towing and storage fees
associated with an impoundment are paid in full.
The owner of the vehicle is fully responsible for
all fees associated with impoundment and stor-
age of the vehicle.
(Ord. No. 2550, § 1, 11-10-2025)

Sec. 92-304. Penalties.
   (a) Any person who owns a vehicle used in an
unlawful speed exhibition event in violation of
this article, or any person who knowingly allowed
a vehicle to be used in an unlawful speed exhibi-
tion event in violation of this article, or any
person who failed to exercise reasonable control
over the use of a vehicle involved in an unlawful
speed exhibition shall be guilty of a misdemeanor,
punishable by a term of imprisonment of not
more than 90 days and a fine of not more than
$500.00, or both.
   (b) Nothing in this article shall be construed
to impose liability or penalties on individuals
who are solely spectators or bystanders.
(Ord. No. 2550, § 1, 11-10-2025)




Supp. No. 16                                     CD92:27

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